Study on the Influencing Factors of Online Learning and Its Operation Mechanism among Chinese College Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic-An Empirical Analysis Based on a Mixed Method.

Online learning has gradually become a mainstream teaching method to replace traditional classroom teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there are some issues such as the lack of theoretical guidance on online learning, and the influencing factors of online learning effect are not well proven. On this basis, this study aimed to construct and test a theoretical model of online learning influencing factors among college students through a mixed-method approach in China to further explore the influencing factors of online learning and the relationship between these influencing factors. First, 130 college students were interviewed from May 2021 to November 2021, and the collected data were coded to a theoretical model through grounded theory. Second, we tested and verified the theoretical model through the analysis of survey data of 225 college students from January 2022 to July 2022. Lastly, the results indicate that the learning expectation influences the learning result through learning quality or learning interaction and their combined effects. These findings can help educators around the world gain insight into the process of online learning and improve the quality of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Epidemiological and Genomic Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 in 10 Patients From a Mid-Sized City Outside of Hubei, China in the Early Phase of the COVID-19 Outbreak.

A novel coronavirus known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of the ongoing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In this study, we performed a comprehensive epidemiological and genomic analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genomes from 10 patients in Shaoxing (Zhejiang Province), a mid-sized city outside of the epicenter Hubei province, China, during the early stage of the outbreak (late January to early February, 2020). We obtained viral genomes with >99% coverage and a mean depth of 296X demonstrating that viral genomic analysis is feasible via metagenomics sequencing directly on nasopharyngeal samples with SARS-CoV-2 Real-time PCR Ct values <28. We found that a cluster of four patients with travel history to Hubei shared the exact same virus with patients from Wuhan, Taiwan, Belgium, and Australia, highlighting how quickly this virus spread to the globe. The virus from another cluster of two family members living together without travel history but with a sick contact of a confirmed case from another city outside of Hubei accumulated significantly more mutations (9 SNPs vs. average 4 SNPs), suggesting a complex and dynamic nature of this outbreak. Our findings add to the growing knowledge of the epidemiological and genomic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and offers a glimpse into the early phase of this viral infection outside of Hubei, China.

Hemodialysis vascular access care during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Dialysis patients are more vulnerable and susceptible to the severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection due to multiple comorbidities. Since Taiwan has the highest incidence and prevalence of treated end-stage kidney disease worldwide, it is crucial to act in advance to prevent a potential disaster. In the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, we implement proactive infection control measures to prevent it from spreading without sacrificing the dialysis care quality. In this article, we focused on hemodialysis vascular access (HVA) care in particular. As a life-line of hemodialysis (HD) patients, HVA care has a profound impact on the patient's quality of dialysis and life. Specifically, in our facility, the working and office areas of the HD units are separated to reduce cross-infection. All elective procedures for HVA are postponed, and operating rooms equipped with a negative-pressure anteroom are used for the suspected or confirmed COVID-19 patients. Herein, we share how we modified our HVA care policy not only to prevent our patients from COVID-19 infection but also to maintain the quality of HVA care.